In late 2020, the first Trump administration announced the Artemis Accords, a series of non-binding international agreements intended to improve communication and facilitate peaceful exploration of the moon and other celestial bodies. The Accords are fundamentally linked with the Artemis Program, the NASA-led effort to expand human exploration of the lunar and cis-lunar environments. By signing onto the Accords, participants must agree to a list of provisions, including language focused on intelligence-sharing, interoperability and commitment to existing space-based legal frameworks.
The Accords launched in October 2020 with eight initial signatories: the United States, Australia, Canada, Japan, Luxembourg, Italy, the United Kingdom and the United Arab Emirates. Since then, the list of participants has grown to 61 countries, with the majority located in Europe (28 signatories) and the Americas (12 signatories). 

As of January 2026, 10 Indo-Pacific states have signed the Accords, with the most recent being the Philippines and Malaysia in October 2025. However, with the Trump administration pursuing a more assertive foreign policy, international appetite for joining the arrangement could decrease.

Resolution Criteria:
This question will resolve positively if a major news outlet reports that at least two additional Indo-Pacific states have signed the Artemis Accords. For the purposes of this question, the “Indo-Pacific” includes the states extending from Pakistan in the West to the Pacific Islands in the East.

Further Reading:

• Artemis Accords | NASA
  
• Artemis Accords: What Are They & Which Countries Are Involved? | Space
  
• The Artemis Accords and the Next Generation of Outer Space Governance | Council on Foreign Relations